By Nina C. Peckman
Parents and schools can collaborate to improve student attendance, addressing common reasons for absences such as health issues, anxiety, depression, bullying, fear of violence, academic or behavioral issues, and frequent reprimands or suspensions.
New Jersey education laws allow no more than 18 absences per academic year, though districts may permit fewer. Schools must have a written code of conduct detailing excused absences and consequences. For students with over four unexcused absences, schools should interview the student and parents to find solutions, offer credit recovery options, provide academic or behavior support, involve family engagement, and consider child study team evaluations for an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) or 504 plan.
Excessive absences can lead to retention, failing grades, or delayed graduation. Parents of students aged six to 16 with 10 or more unexcused absences may face truancy charges in municipal court. The Division of Child Protection & Permanency (DCP&P) might be contacted if a child's education is neglected.
For chronic health conditions causing extended absences (10 consecutive days or a total of 20), students may qualify for home instruction. Parents need documentation from a physician explaining the condition and recommended supports. This request should be submitted to the school nurse and principal. The district's physician reviews these requests and approves home instruction if warranted.
Home instruction must start within five days of approval by the school physician or within the first week if pre-approved by the district. Instruction is provided by a certified teacher in person or virtually and must align with the student's IEP or 504 plan.
If a student risks losing credits or retention due to absences, parents should monitor progress reports and credit status throughout the year. Early meetings with teachers and administrators are crucial to develop plans ensuring promotion to the next grade level. High school students have various options for earning credits including summer classes, online courses, tutoring services, work-study programs, independent study, and community college classes.
Additional information on student education rights is available at the KidLaw Resource Center online. Attendance statutes and policies can be found on the New Jersey Department of Education website.
